Indian foreign policy has evolved significantly since the country’s independence in 1947, reflecting its growing stature as a global power and its commitment to safeguarding national interests while promoting global cooperation. Rooted in principles such as sovereignty, non-alignment, and strategic autonomy, India’s foreign policy adapts to the complexities of a multipolar world, balancing economic growth, security, and global influence.
Historical Context and Core Principles
India’s foreign policy was shaped by its first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, who championed non-alignment during the Cold War. The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), co-founded by India, emphasized independence from great power blocs, allowing India to maintain strategic flexibility. This principle of strategic autonomy remains central, enabling India to engage with diverse partners without being tied to any single alliance.